Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Malikshah and Nizam al- Mulk, 1072–92
Alp Arslan’s murder at the age of forty in Rabi‘ I 465/October 1072 by the banks of the Oxus River, on a campaign to subjugate the Qarakhanids of Transoxiana, was followed by the customary struggle for the succession (detailed on p. 132).Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
However, the army that had accompanied the sultan to the Oxus remained loyal to his young son Malikshah at the urging of the vizier Nizam al-Mulk.198 Hindsight has seen Malikshah’s reign as the apogee of Seljuk rule (see Map 1.2), with the sultan ‘acknowledged in the khu†ba from the borders of China to the extremities of Syria and from the northernmost lands of Islam to Yemen’.Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Malikshah sent an expedition to assert Seljuk’s authority in Mecca in the Hijaz (which under Alp Arslan had briefly recognized Seljuk suzerainty)200 and Yemen, capturing Aden by the Indian Ocean. The Byzantine empire – at least according to Islamic sources – was reduced to paying tribute to the Seljuks.
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Campaigns in Central Asia allowed Malikshah to repel the Qarakhanids from the key frontier city of Tirmidhi on the Oxus which they had captured at the beginning of his reign,203 and in 482/1089 he was able to seize the Qarakhanid bases of Samarqand and Bukhara, even advancing as far as Kashghar. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Subject princes would ‘kiss [Malikshah’s] letters out of awe and honor for him, or so Isfahani, for whom this sultan’s reign was a model compared to which all others fell short, would have us believe. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Contemporary Seljuk propaganda commemorated the sultan’s campaigns in stone: inscriptions and reliefs on the walls at Amid (modern Diyarbakır in southeastern Turkey) dated 481–2/1088–90 have been interpreted as serving as a ‘victory monument’ (Mashhad al- na‚r) that immortalized to the city’s surrender to Malikshah after a two-year siege (Figures 1.7(a) and (b)) Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
In fact, the most spectacular advances were made by Türkmen groups, whose relationship with the sultan remained ambiguous. On the one hand, some Türkmen attacks seem to have been encouraged by Malikshah; on the other, some Türkmen leaders constituted a major threat to Malikshah’s per- sonal authority. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
We will assess first the Türkmen expansion on the frontiers of the Seljuk Empire; we will then turn to deal with the internal situation, specifically the vizier Nizam al-Mulk and his relations with Malikshah on the one hand, and the Türkmen on the other. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
The activities of two Türkmen chiefs, Artuq and Atsız, suggest the complexities of the Türkmen’s role in Malikshah’s empire. Artur had plundered Basra and the date-filled oases of al-A on the east coast of Arabia in 469/1086.
Despite the wanton attack on Basra, Artuq seems to have continued to be regarded with favor by Malikshah, and he was later allotted territories in the Jibal207 – rather more suitable, ecologically, for a Türkmen. Indeed, during his campaign into al- Ahsa’, Artuq had attacked the local Qarmatians, an Ismaili Shi‘ite group, and he was personally thanked by the caliph. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Later we find Artuq assisting sultanic forces in operations in Syria,208 although later he rebelled, using Türkmen support to carve out a base for himself there. quid state, that drew on Great Seljuk practice and precedent.210 The career of the Khwarazmian Türkmen Atsız b. Awqaf was likewise characterized by both tension and cooperation with the Seljuk sultan. Atsız ruled what Turkish scholars have described as a Nawakiyya principality (Bielik) in Syria Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Initially, Atsız seems to have operated with the consent of the sultan, gradually pushing Fatimid forces out of most of the coast and Jerusalem from 463/1070 onwards, and finally capturing Damascus in 468/1075. Indeed, Atsız’s Türkmen forces were supplemented by 3,000 slave soldiers sent by Malikshah.212 However, Atsız overreached himself with a dis- estrous campaign against Egypt in 469/1076–7 Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
Initially, he met with some success, plundering the Nile Delta for two months while the main Fatimid army was campaigning in Upper Egypt. A Jewish witness resident in Cairo, Solomon Ben-Joseph Ha-C then, recorded with horror Atsız’s pillaging and desecration, both in Egypt and previously in Jerusalem
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 25 English Subtitles
